Pain and Suffering Damages in North Dakota
Pain and suffering is one of the largest components of any personal injury settlement in North Dakota. Under modified comparative fault (50% bar), understanding how these non-economic damages are calculated — and any caps that apply — is essential before accepting any offer.
For informational purposes only. Not legal advice. Consult a licensed attorney.
Modified comparative fault (50% bar)
Fault System
$10,000 – $45,000
Avg Settlement
6 years
Statute of Limitations
How P&S Damages Are Calculated in North Dakota
Courts and insurance adjusters in North Dakota typically use one of two methods to calculate pain and suffering: the multiplier method (multiply your economic damages by 1.5–5× depending on severity) or the per diem method (assign a daily dollar value for each day you suffered).
Because North Dakota uses Modified comparative fault (50% bar), you can recover pain and suffering only if your fault is below 50% (or 51%), and the award is reduced by your percentage of fault.
Factors That Increase P&S Value
Severity & Duration
Permanent injuries, chronic pain, and long recovery periods command higher multipliers.
Impact on Daily Life
Inability to work, loss of hobbies, relationship strain, and depression all support higher awards.
Medical Documentation
Regular doctor visits, therapy records, and specialist notes substantiate your suffering.
Pre-existing Conditions
North Dakota courts apply the "eggshell plaintiff" rule — defendants take you as they find you.
North Dakota Law Overview
North Dakota combines mandatory no-fault PIP insurance with a modified comparative fault system featuring a 50% bar. The state's 6-year statute of limitations is among the most generous in the country. North Dakota's oil and gas industry in the Bakken Formation generates significant workplace injury and environmental claim litigation. Agricultural equipment accidents and rural road collisions are common injury claim types. North Dakota has no general cap on compensatory damages for most personal injury cases. North Dakota law does not specifically cap punitive damages, though courts apply common law standards for proportionality. Medical malpractice claims are subject to a 2-year statute of limitations under N.D.C.C. § 28-01-18. Claims against government entities require compliance with the North Dakota Tort Claims Act. North Dakota workers' compensation is administered through the Workforce Safety & Insurance system, which provides exclusive remedy for most work-related injuries.